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Hemiplegia is a medical term that is used when one side of the body gets paralyzed including one arm and one leg. Though there are many reasons for hemiplegia, the main cause is injury or disease of the motor nerve centers in the brain. When the right side of the brain gets injured then hemiplegia occurs in the left side of the body and when the left side is injured, the right side gets affected.
Stroke caused by a blood clot within the blood vessels and which disrupts the flow of blood to the brain, a bleeding blood vessel that supplies blood to the brain, insufficient blood supply to the brain, head injury, diabetes, brain tumor and infections like meningitis and encephalitis can also cause hemiplegia. Recurrent headaches and migraine which are accompanied by numbness or tingling, inflammation of the blood vessels, diseases of the nerves like multiple sclerosis and acute necrotizing myelitis are often responsible for hemiplegia.
The symptoms and their severity mainly depend upon which part of the brain is affected. There is difficulty in walking, talking, and swallowing. Tingling and numbness, blurred vision, loss of bladder and bowel control, depression, poor memory and heightened emotional sensitivity are some of the other general symptoms.